The Suburb Near Cosmidion
The suburb in question was near Cosmidion, which made it easy for the Bulgarians under Crum to attack St. Mamas from their camp near...
The Sixth Military Gate and the Wooden Circus
The next Theodosian gate is located between the last tower of the Outer Wall to the north of the Gate of Charisius and the...
Political Conspiracies and Power Struggles in Ottoman Turkey
The Source of All Conspiracies
All the conspiracies against the Sultan came from within his own circle of people and his immediate attendants. The threats...
Sultan Abdul Hamid II A Ruler Living in Fear
The Sultan's Reputation for Cowardice
Abdul Hamid II, who was the Sultan of Turkey and turned sixty years old in September 1902, had a reputation...
Dividing the Macedonian Population
It’s difficult to say whether a specific Macedonian village is Bulgarian or Greek. The populations are mixed. Some Bulgarians speak Greek, while some Greeks...
The Divided Population of Macedonia
In Macedonia, there is no clear majority group. The population includes Bulgars, Greeks, and Turks, with each group claiming to be the largest. In...
Mahomet Ali’s Legacy in Kavala
There are many signs of Mahomet Ali’s love for his birthplace in Kavala. He rebuilt the large aqueduct, providing water to the entire town...
Evolution of State Treasury and Succession under Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror
The Importance of the Sultan’s Seal
One of the significant provisions in Fatih’s Lawbook pertains to the protection of the Sultan’s seal, indicating the growing...
Administrative Structure and Treasury Oversight in the Ottoman Empire
The Four Pillars of State Administration
Under the governance of Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror, state organizations were reestablished and regulated through the implementation of Fatih’s...
Evolution of the Ottoman Treasury
From Public to Imperial
Establishment of the Imperial Palaces
Historical accounts from Ahmed Aşıkî, Dursun Bey Künhü’l-ahbâr, and Tayyarzade Ata Bey highlight the construction of the...
